Zoonotic Infections: What Your Pets Might Be Spreading

By Midrand Medical Centre

 

A white and black dog

We love our furry friends - they’re family, after all. But did you know pets can sometimes carry infections that spread to humans? These are called zoonotic infections, and while rare in healthy people, they can be serious if unnoticed. Knowing the risks and how to prevent them allows you to enjoy your pets while keeping your household safe. Here’s what to watch out for and how to stay protected.

What Are Zoonotic Infections?

Zoonotic infections are diseases that can pass from animals to people through direct contact, saliva, urine, faeces, or bites. These include ringworm, toxoplasmosis, cat scratch fever, and parasites like roundworms or hookworms. Reptiles and amphibians can also carry salmonella, while birds may carry psittacosis. These infections can affect anyone but are especially risky for young children, pregnant women, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems. Awareness is the first step to prevention.

Common Pet-Related Infections

Cats can transmit toxoplasmosis and cat scratch disease through litter boxes or scratches. Dogs may carry parasites or bacteria like leptospirosis. Turtles, lizards, and snakes often carry salmonella even when they appear healthy. Even small pets like hamsters or guinea pigs can occasionally spread germs. With proper hygiene, these risks can be managed easily.

How to Protect Your Family

Always wash hands thoroughly after handling pets, cleaning cages, or scooping litter. Keep pets clean and up to date with vet visits, vaccines, and parasite treatments. Supervise young children around pets to ensure they don’t kiss them or put hands near their mouths after touching animals. Avoid letting pets lick open wounds or faces. Clean surfaces where pets sleep or eat regularly.

Safe Pet Ownership During Pregnancy or Illness

Pregnant women should avoid changing cat litter due to toxoplasmosis risk. If someone in your home is immunocompromised, be extra cautious about hygiene and avoid risky pets like reptiles or very young animals. Ask your doctor if there are any precautions you should take. In most cases, pets can remain safely in the home with a few extra precautions. Health doesn’t mean giving up the joy of pet companionship.

Closing Thoughts

Pets bring love and companionship, and with the right knowledge, they don’t have to bring health risks. By understanding zoonotic infections and taking preventive steps, you can keep your family and your pets healthy and happy. It’s all about love, care, and a little extra handwashing!


Sources:


Location: South Africa

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